Management of Allergic Rhinitis Aggravated by Air Pollution

Pollution is the introduction of harmful substances, or pollutants, into the environment that leads to the deterioration of the quality of air, water, and land.

The impact of air pollution on allergic symptoms is modulated by 4 factors.

Air pollutants


A mixture of solid particles, liquid droplets and gases. Air pollutants can be natural, such as bush fires, or created by human activity, such as motor vehicles.

Allergens


Biological air pollutants derive from living organisms. Some allergens are more significant indoors, while others are more important outdoors.

Particulate matter


Ultra-fine
(<1 μm)


Fine
(<1–2.5 μm)


Coarse
(2.5–10 μm)

Diesel Exhaust Particles (DEP)

Ozone

House dust mites

Pet dander

Pollen

Outdoor air pollution constituted more than 3% of
the annual Disability-Adjusted Life Year in 2010.

Recommendations for patients

Avoidance


Remain indoors during high pollen levels.

Elimination


Eliminate sources of indoor mold spores, clean thoroughly.

Treatment


Recommend 2nd generation antihistamines or intranasal corticosteroids, anticholinergics, and nasal lavage

     

    Naclerio R, Ansotegui IJ, Bousquet J et al. World Allergy Organ J. 2020 Mar; 13(3): 100106. Published online 2020 Apr 3. doi: 10.1016/j.waojou.2020.100106

How to create a healthy environment

    Naclerio R, Ansotegui IJ, Bousquet J et al. World Allergy Organ J. 2020 Mar; 13(3):100106. Published online 2020 Apr 3. doi: 10.1016/j.waojou.2020.100106

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