Exploring the Unique Characteristics of Atopic Dermatitis (AD) and Prurigo Nodularis (PN)

Author : Sanofi

Editorial Team

Explore the distinct clinical manifestations of Atopic Dermatitis (AD) and Prurigo Nodularis (PN), their impact on patients' lives, and the common thread of type 2 inflammation. Understand how these chronic skin conditions differ and intersect in this comprehensive overview.

Introduction

How do AD and PN differ in their clinical manifestations?
What makes these chronic inflammatory diseases distinct?
Despite their differences, how do shared pathways like type 2 inflammation unite AD and PN?

Diverging Paths: The different Clinical Manifestations of AD and PN

AD is characterized by recurrent eczematous lesions and intense chronic itch, with a notable skin barrier dysfunction^1,2. PN presents with distinct papulonodular lesions, often displaying neurogenic inflammation³. While AD is widely recognized for its remitting and relapsing nature of clearance and flare-ups, PN is known for its severe symptoms like pain and scarring^4,5.

Atopic Dermatitis

Prurigo Nodularis

The Burden of Disease: Profound Impacts of AD and PN

AD significantly affects quality of life, often leading to psychological distress and social stigma⁶. Conversely, PN patients frequently report pain, burning, and the distressing appearance of lesions⁷. Both diseases can have profound impacts on mental and physical health, although the specifics of these impacts vary considerably^7,8.

A Common Thread: The Role of Type 2 Inflammation in AD and PN

Both AD and PN are driven by type 2 inflammation, with IL-4 and IL-13 playing significant roles⁹. These cytokines contribute to chronic itch and disrupted skin barrier function in AD and to nodular skin changes and scarring in PN^2,9. Understanding these shared inflammatory pathways is crucial for developing targeted therapies⁹.

Conclusion

The exploration of AD and PN reveals distinct clinical paths united by type 2 inflammation. Understanding these diseases in depth is crucial for healthcare professionals aiming to optimize patient care. The differences and similarities between AD and PN highlight the complexity and the need for targeted therapeutic approaches⁹.

Referenser

Weidinger S, et al. Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2018;4(1)
Beck LA et al. JID lnnov. 2022;2(5):100131
Kwon CD, et al. Medicines (Basel). 2019 Sep 26;6(4):97
Davis DM, et al. Semin Cutan Med Surg. 2017;36(3):95-99
Elmariah Set al. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2021;84:747-760
Paller AS et al. Am J Clin Dermatol. 2020;21:119-131
Aggarwal P, et al. .Clin Exp Dermatol .2021;46(7):1277-1284
Chiesa-FuxenchZC, et al. J Invest Dermatol .2019; 139(3): 583-590
lngrasci Get al. Exp Dermatol. 2021;30:1208-1217

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